Maine - A novel- J.courtney Sullivan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Maine - A novel- J.courtney Sullivan - Essay Example In this excerpt, like the other three women, Maggie is struggling with universal issues that are affecting women in this last century. As a result, she is forced to confront the real truths about themselves together with their relationships. Maggie is thirty-two years of age, and she is pregnant. However, she is still waiting for that perfect moment to break the news to her imperfect boyfriend (Sullivan, 430). However, when she got pregnant, her boyfriend backed away showing the continues string of inapproriate partners for the four women. Maggie can be located in her generation in the way she dressed. Sullivan writes, she appeared in â€Å"tiny tight dress in Lewinsky blue† (431). When Alice learns that Maggie is pregnant, she says, â€Å"Well, that’s, then,† (437). This shows her anger towards Maggie’s pregnancy. This contributes to the theme of love and anger in the story. As the story drifts towards the end, Kathleen says to Maggie, "Its going to be okay," (444) to which she responds, "It has to be"(446). This shows the existence of love between the women. This brings out the charms of Maggie’s adopted home in Brooklyn. Sullivan portrays three generations of women in the Kelleher’s family who take the guilt in their secrets of their private lives. In alternating accounts late spring and early summer, the female figures contradict and complement each other in surprising but contradictable manner. By the time the story comes to an end, the reader is also ready to leave the beach. Summarily, through Maggies, the story unveils the theme of sibling rivalry, irrational love, social climbing, alcoholism, and Catholic guilt all at the centre of this Keller family. Sullivan uses the four women to show their contrasting behaviours since they belong to different

Handling Interpersonal Conflicts Essay Example for Free

Handling Interpersonal Conflicts Essay Have you ever been involved in an interpersonal conflict that was not necessarily handled in the most effective manner? During that occurrence did you notice that you and the other individual seemed to be on different pages after the fact? Being able to handle an interpersonal conflict in the most effective manner could potentially keep you and your significant others relationship close as opposed to tearing it apart. In the movie â€Å"Hitch†, Will Smith states, â€Å"Sixty percent of all human communication is nonverbal body language; thirty percent is your tone, so that means ninety percent of what youre saying isnt coming out of your mouth† (Lassiter, 2005). With this being stated, body language, tone, and verbal language are all things that must be particularly paid close attention too and effectively utilized, whether you are the speaker or the listener. While watching the movie â€Å"Hitch†, there were a few interpersonal conflicts that were not handled effectively. One specific conflict that was not handled effectively was when Sarah found out about Hitch’s career as a â€Å"Professional Love Doctor†. This conflict was not handled effectively for a multitude of reasons. Previously Hitch and Sarah were really â€Å"falling† for each other, being sincere, genuine, and in the â€Å"honey moon† stage. After the conflict was initiated, Sarah’s body language started to change. She began to deny Hitch’s kisses by turning away, she ruined the romantic wine moment by tipping the bottle up as opposed to drinking out of the wine glass that Hitch had already prepared for her, Sarah began to snarl, both Hitch and Sarah began to become aggressive in their actions by throwing food at each other out of anger, and Hitch insulted Sarah by telling her that she had a crappy newspaper. All of these actions are considered to be ineffective ones. While trying to choose a more effective route of handling this conflict so that the relationship remains close, one must show ositive body language, positive tone, positive verbal language, as well as a few other effective solutions. Solutions such as empathizing with one another by putting themselves in each other’s shoes, evaluating the message by waiting for the speaker to finish speaking before evaluating the message, not becoming emotional at the speaker, and showing more self-disclosure at the beginning of their relationship so that each other could grasp more of an understanding of each other’s background and career. Sole states, â€Å"While emotions are normal and are to be expected in conversation, especially when information of a personal or sensitive nature is being shared, it is helpful to hear the speaker out and to try to control these emotions until the remarks are finished† (Sole, 2011). If both Sarah and Hitch had done this, their argument most likely would have been invisible. They may have understood where each one was coming from and actually taken the time to hear what each other were trying to get across. Doing all of these things could help eliminate the interpersonal conflict that both Hitch and Sarah encountered. All in all, interpersonal conflicts have the opportunity to happen on a daily basis; however, being able to handle them in the most effective manner could potentially keep you and your significant others relationship close instead of tearing it apart. Remember, whether you are the speaker or the listener, you must always try to pay close attention to body language, tone, and verbal language as well. Being able to come together as one, empathizing with one another, evaluating the message, not becoming emotional and showing more self-disclosure with one another are some key concepts to eliminating potential interpersonal conflict amongst you and your significant other.

Naval Battles :: essays research papers fc

The battle on March 9, 1862, between the USS Monitor and the CSS Merrimack, officially the CSS Virginia, is one of the most revolutionary naval battles in world history. Up until that point, all battles had been waged between wooden ships. This was the first battle in maritime history that two ironclad ships waged war. The USS Merrimack was a Union frigate throughout most of its existence, up until the Union Navy abandoned the Norfolk Naval Yard. To prevent the Confederate Navy from using her against them, the Union Navy scuttled her. The Confederates, however, raised the ship from the shallow floor of the ocean and began making some major modifications. Confederate engineers cut the hull down to the water line and built a slanted top on it. Then, they bolted four layers of iron sheets, each two inches thick, to the entire structure. Also added was a huge battering ram to the bow of the ship to be used in ramming maneuvers. The ship was then fitted with ten twelve-pound cannons. Ther e were four guns placed on the starboard and port sides, and one on the bow and stern sides. Due to its massive nature the ship's draft was enormous, it stretched twenty-two feet to the bottom. The ship was so slow and long, that it required a turning radius of about one mile. Likened to a "floating barn roof (DesJardien 2)" and not predicted to float, the only individual willing to take command of the ship was Captain Franklin Buchanan. After all the modifications were complete, the ship was rechristened the CSS Virginia, but the original name the CSS Merrimack is the preferred name. The USS Monitor was the creation of Swedish-American engineer, John Ericsson. The ship was considered small for a warship, only 172 feet long and 42 feet wide. Confederate sailors were baffled by the ship. One was quoted describing her as ". . . a craft such as the eyes of a seaman never looked upon before, an immense shingle floating on the water with a giant cheese box rising from its center" (Ward 101). The "cheese box" was a nine by twenty foot revolving turret with two massive guns inside. "The USS Monitor used two of the eleven inch Dahlgran guns . . ." (Lavy 2). These Dahlgran guns were massive rifled cannons that were capable of firing a variety of shot.

Positive and negative effects of legalizing drugs on the United States economy

The perennial problem of drug abuse has always been a controversial one since questions arise whether a sovereign entity is justified in attempting to curtail personal choice in the question of whether to engage in drugs or not.Opponents of drug use argue that a state has an obligation to protect its people against destruction even though the means to such an end is voluntary since it is generally accepted in accordance to the natural laws that all people have a right to life.Proponents of drug legalization have been quick to point out that human will, cannot be suppressed and it is economically futile to attempt to do so and hence it would be in the states interest to allow those in favor of such a course to indulge without interference. However, there are several moral, health and religious factors that have hindered those in power to actually consider legalizing illegal drug use since such recourse would raise fundamental ethical issues regarding their leadership as directed by th e constitution.Reasons for legalizing drug useThere are several reasons that have led some to clamor for the legalization of drug use. Firstly there are those who feel that the question of drug use is essentially related to personal freedom and that essentially competent adults should be left to decide for themselves if they wanted to engage in self destruction or not. It is not surprising then that some have argued that by the very nature of the state restricting drug use and in addition prosecuting users, the state is contravening the very constitution created to be its guide.Secondly, the United Sates uses a lot of tax payer’s money in their fight against drug use. Enforcement agencies are forced to recruit more personnel in their mandate to find drug traffickers and drug users. These law enforcers need to be remunerated when in active service and in addition are entitled to several benefits during their active service and in their retirement.This tends to make the federal and state government to divert huge funds towards operations of these enforcers and in the wages of their personnel. This in turn leads to shortages in funds which could have been channeled to other development agendas.The economical cost of combating   drug abuse does not end with the police but goes on to necessitate more expenses to be provided for the prosecution of these individuals and also to cater for those charged with the duty of deciding the fate of these supposedly law breakers.As drug consumption increases it leads to a need to hire more prosecution personnel and to avoid a backlog of cases more magistrates are hired to listen and pass sentences. This increases a burden to the tax payers and questions arise as to whether people should essentially pay for the negative choices of competent individuals. Furthermore, most people in American correctional facilities have been put there for drug related offences.The cost of maintaining a prisoner is quite high and it is the refore economically realistic to legalize drugs as a way of reducing expenses and therefore use it as a tool of lessening the budget deficits and to provide more funds to important sectors in the economy (Goode, 97-150).The fight against drug abuse has put America at a collision course with several countries perceived to be supplying drugs to the United Sates. Legalizing drugs would end this hostility improving bilateral relations with those countries and expanding markets for American products and allow investors to work easily in those countries (Friedman, 2009).In addition legalizing drugs would allow for the investment of several billions of drug money in other businesses to help expand the economy, provide employment and reduce other crimes.

Crow Lake Empathy Essay

In Mary Lawson’s Crow Lake, Kate Morrison is left emotionally stunted after a series of events leave her disappointed and grieving. When Kate is only seven, her parents are killed in a tragic car accident. Luckily for Kate, she could find condolence in her older brother Matt and the pond, a bond shared between the two. Kate idolizes Matt so it crushes her when he impregnates their neighbour and can no longer continue with his education. Kate sees this as a huge disappointment. She’s afraid of love and emotion due to her unresolved conflicts in the past. Kate has been left incapable of empathy in fear of becoming close to anyone again.From a young age Kate has been unfamiliar with others’ and her own emotions. The Morrison household preferred to keep drama to a minimum. Kate refers to this as the Eleventh Commandment: Understatement was the rule in our house. Emotions, even positive ones, were kept firmly under control. It was the Eleventh Commandment, carved on i ts very own tablet of stone and presented specifically to those of Presbyterian persuasion: Thou Shall Not Emote (p. 9). Being a stranger to emotion, Kate finds it difficult to identify and feel what another person is feeling.Exposure to emotional outbursts makes Kate anxious as she cannot find a proper way to deal with others due to her inability to fully understand and empathize. When Kate is approached by one of her students after class she assumes it is because of reasons related to her studies. â€Å"‘I guess I’m not the sympathetic type’ † she admits, â€Å"‘[s]ympathy and empathy are linked, after all’ † (p. 236). The student is struggling to find words when Kate suggests that â€Å" ’ [i]f it isn’t connected to your work, then I may not be the best person†¦ ’ † (p. 237).When her student confirms it’s about her studies Kate begins with a generic authoritive response to Fiona’s proble m, encouraging her to go on with her work rather than leave university but when she is faced with the raw emotion of Fiona’s tears Kate shys away, reminding herself that despite both growing up in a rural area, their situations were nothing alike. Rather than trying to relate, Kate pushes herself away. The Eleventh Commandment sticks with her throughout her life The return to Crow Lake unearthed feelings that had been buried for too long.For Matt’s wife, Marie, these feelings were frustration with Kate’s attitude toward Matt. Marie quite clearly sees how Kate’s judgements negatively affect him and finally decides to lecture Kate on her blindness to Matt’s satisfaction with his life and her lack of forgiveness towards him. Kate was completely stunned by Marie’s words of how her disappointment is the heaviest weight on his shoulders; to Kate it seemed â€Å"that her accusations made no sense† (p. 279). Kate, unable to see things from Ma rie’s eyes, is unnerved and puzzled by what happened. She was convinced that she had been protecting Matt. Here am I, with my wonderful career, and here is my boyfriend with his wonderful career, and look at all of you† (p. 260). She felt as if she would have been bragging to talk about anything in her current life, rubbing Matt’s face in her big city endeavours. Her lack of empathy made her blind towards Marie’s attempt at displaying Matt’s want to regain the bond they had once had. If Kate was able to empathize, she would have been able to forgive Matt. Matt was only seventeen when he had to give up life as a normal teenage boy to be a guardian to his younger sisters.Not only did he have school to worry about but also the well being of his siblings and financial stability. For a moment Kate is almost able to empathize with Matt on why he became close with Marie. She excuses Matt because â€Å"he was eighteen, and when he put his arms around her h e would have felt how soft she was† (p. 248). But she quickly refuses to accept what Matt had done, unable to completely understand why he threw away what meant so much to him. Kate feels as though Matt is still grieving over his loss of opportunity when in reality he moved on. If Kate could only see things through Matt’s eyes she would know.Her incapability of letting go obstructs her empathy skills and vice versa. Kate’s inability to empathize stems from the fear of being left disappointed. After the incident with Matt she doesn’t allow herself to become close. Empathizing requires openness, expression and a certain degree of intimacy, all of which are foreign to Kate. Although Kate is incapable of empathy, that doesn’t mean she doesn’t have room to grow. Lawson leaves the ending quite open but hints at Kate’s readiness to finally let go. Works Cited Lawson, Mary. Crow Lake. Toronto: Vintage Canada, 2002.

Variations on the Word Love essays

Variations on the Word Love essays The word love has many meanings to describe personal feelings and has been overused as a marketing tool. In Margaret Atwoods poem, Variations on the Word Love, the author explores the meanings and the different interpretations of the word love. She explains these meanings through symbolism, imagery, and diction. The word 'love' is overused and can be interpreted in a numerous ways losing its meaning. Symbolism in the poem allows Atwood to explore the many meanings of love by replacing them with different symbols. Atwood describes love as, a word we use to plug holes with (Lines 1-2). Atwood does not mean plugging real holes like in the ground but plugging a gap in a sentence to express personal feelings or indescribable words. Love is one of these words that is used, to plug holes with (Lines 1,2), because it has many interpretations and meanings that it fills the gaps of what people are trying to say perfectly. Many people use this word to fill in gaps to express their feelings, which has been repeatedly used to the point that the word love has lost meaning. Atwood tries to describe the many ways love is interpreted and used in our society. Her use of imagery to explore what love really means, gives the reader a mental picture. She asks, How do we know it isnt what goes on at the cool debaucheries of slugs under damp pieces of cardboard? (Line 13-16) This imagery personificates the slugs to be able to have the human emotion of love. Atwood is trying to relay the fact that there are endless amounts of meanings for the word love. By using the metaphor, a finger grip on a cliffside (Lines 35-36). Atwood tries to describe the feeling of 'love' but does not specifically say what the feeling of love really is. The true meaning of the word love...

Human and Animal Reaction Time Essays

Human and Animal Reaction Time Essays Human and Animal Reaction Time Paper Human and Animal Reaction Time Paper Observation Human reaction times vary person to person and often increase with age. This change in reaction time can have little impact on a persons daily life, such as when answering a ringing telephone. But this change can also have a dramatic impact when driving, working in dangerous environments, and negotiating busy streets and sidewalks. Literature Search Reaction time has been used as a psychological test since the mid-19th century (Dreary, 1). Several studies have been conducted dealing with reaction time and the factors that can affect it. In their study titled Validation of reaction time as a measure of cognitive function and quality of life in healthy subjects and patients, Jacobsen, Sorensen, et al studied and reported findings regarding diminished reaction times and the effect that poor health had on those times. Findings were conclusive that the healthier the individual, the better their responses. Hypothesis Individuals reaction time with their dominant hand is faster than those with their non-dominant hand. Conversely, there may be no statistically valid difference in the reaction time from one hand to the other. Experiment To test the variance in reaction time from dominant hand to non-dominant hand we set up an experiment using a simple reaction time test found in the ere marketplace on an Android telephone. This application required the user to touch one of four colored stars that match the color of an identified star in the upper right hand corner. The subject was asked to repeat this response 20 times and the total time was scored as the reaction time. If a subject made an incorrect touch then their time would continue until the correctly touched 20 stars. The subject would then be ask to repeat this test with their non-dominant hand. To standardize the testing instructions were provided by my team mates and t was decided that the subject would place the device on a flat surface in front of them and use the index finger on first their dominant hand and then their non-dominant hand. Data was collected for 30 random subjects and analysis performed. Data Analysis Data collected from the 30 random subjects was input and the following summary statistics were produced. Dominant Hand Mean Reaction Time (D) 18. 865 sec. I Median Reaction Time (D) I | 17. 264 sec. I Variance (D) I 1 128. 235 sec. I Standard Deviation (D) I 1 5. Cease. I Non-dominant Hand Mean Reaction Time (N) I 17. Cease. Median Reaction Time (N) I | 16. 412 sec. I Variance (N) I | 16. 130 sec. Standard Deviation (N) I I | 4. 016 sec. I The graphs below illustrate the mean for each hand as well as error with in plus or minus one standard deviation. Conclusion After conducting this experiment and reviewing the data, a few things became clear. One is that age of the subject had a significant impact on results with both hands. This is presumed to be the result of the interaction with a new technology. Younger subjects seemed to grasp the concept of what they were expected to do more quickly. Second, in this case, familiarity did not breed contempt, but it did breed faster reaction times. As subjects became more comfortable with the application they were using, their response times decreased. The later of these two factors had a more global effect on our outcomes, thus disproving our hypothesis in this case. I do not believe these results to be conclusive or authoritative and simply put, more research is needed. References Dreary, I. J. , Lied, D. ; Ionians, J. (2011) A free, easy-to-use, computer-based simple and four-choice reaction time programmer: The dearly-lied reaction mime task.

How Do I Answer SAT Sentence Completion Questions Without Knowing Vocabulary

How Do I Answer SAT Sentence Completion Questions Without Knowing Vocabulary SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Imagine you’re taking the SAT Critical Reading, when all of a sudden you come across a sentence completion question that completely stumps you. What are strategies you can use to help with this situation, and what are some ways to avoid this situation altogether? The College Board’s advice is helpful, but only goes so far. Keep reading for solutions to this issue. I'll go over ways to avoid sentence completion questions entirely, common wisdom advice, and what I think really works. NOTE: This article discusses a type of question that no longer appears on the SAT. For more information about what is included in the SAT Reading section, read this article.

Women forced into prostitution Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women forced into prostitution - Research Paper Example Research in many parts of the world has shown that women are most usually tricked into a life of prostitution and servitude. It is a life no one wants, for it brings shame, disrespect and dishonor not only to the woman concerned but also her family (Troubnikoff, 27). In fact, few self respecting individuals would want to associate with her. Not only does prostitution affect her physically, but women are also shown to have mental and psychological effects from these experiences. She cannot and usually does not marry, and in fact carries in her heart a lifelong hatred and disregard for men, especially those who have enticed or tricked her into this sordid way of life. Discussion History calls prostitution one of the oldest professions known to women. But how did women come to know the effect that their beauty had on men? Most likely it was the man who was enticed by her beauty and wanted to sleep with her. Scientists have maintained that men and women are attracted to very different th ings when it comes to love. For the man, it is almost always the physical attributes of a woman that are more attractive. For the woman, they say that she is more captivated by the nature of a man. This shows that men can be attracted in an instant, while women only after getting to know the nature of the person they prefer. Love poems and songs that speak of a woman’s smile, hair, eyes, smoothness of skin and body etc are almost always written by the male sex. In fact the whole cosmetic and fashion industry are based on this premise (Perkins, 12). The world loves both handsome men and beautiful women. They are the stuff of dreams and everyone wants to possess them or be close to them. A woman can be forced into prostitution for many reasons. Chief among them are economic reasons. If despite her education and upbringing, she cannot get a job to make ends meet or enough to support her parents and other siblings, then she may be forced to get into prostitution, especially if sh e is poor. However in places like Thailand and India, the truth is often worse. We find people who can entice even parents to part with one of their daughters under the guise of gainful employment in the city (Lim, 15). Unbeknown to them, once she is under his control, she is usually shipped off to the red light areas in busy cities and forced to please men and satisfy their sexual desires and perversions (Flowers, 80). She cannot communicate with her parents. Usually someone else even begins sending false letters to her family back home saying that she is doing fine. Then the letters stop under the pretext of finding another job etc. In this way she becomes a money-making machine for her paramour, pimp and madam, doing all the work while earning nothing in exchange. To avoid suspicion sometimes, human traffickers even send home some money in the beginning just to placate her family. Later on this is stopped as well as the communication (Cundiff, 2). We also have cases where playboy types get a girl to love them and then reveal their true identity as pimps after she has given up her body to them. It can start with the boy, lead to his friends, and finally when she is used to the money and the lifestyle, she is forced to join the sex industry by such created circumstances. At this point usually she has nowhere else to go and cannot tell anyone because of the shame she feels. As she gets used to this life and its demands, she learns to please and entice men. It becomes a game and a profession for her, just like any other (Carpenter, 18). Research has indicated that prostitution has a deep and lasting impact on women, especially those who have been tricked into this profession. They cannot

Canadian Economic History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Canadian Economic History - Essay Example This paper seeks to analyze these major events in the lights of broad and diverse academic resources. From the period of 1960 till 1973, Equalization payments were made to Manitoba and Saskatchewan which offered protection to Ontario market. In the eighties, petrochemical industry was established and developed in Alberta and Manitoba concentrates on production of buses and light aircrafts(Norrie, Owram, andEmery, 125). Still several provinces relied on exports and on the revenues which were generated by the major industries. In the eighties, majority of Canadians moved to cities and several of them were associated with white collar jobs. In the sixties, the electricity sector in Quebec province was nationalized in order to remove disparities and fluctuation in rates. During the same period, Canada signed Automotive Pact with United States, which concentrated on changing the North American car manufacturing landscape and sought to establish more friendly relations between the two countries (Norrie, Owram, and Emery, 163). This assisted in improving the Canadian economy. In the seventies, the foundations for James Bay project were laid in Quebec. This hydro electric project is considered to be the largest development in the Canadian economic history. The OPEC oil crisis in the seventies led to increase in prices of oil. In 1973, the Canadian government established Petro-Canada to stimulate and encourage the exploration of oil and gas and to develop tar sands of Alberta. At the same time, it concentrated on getting hold of reliable imports and to understand the strategic importance of the industry. During the seventies, the Canadian government put efforts to control the domestic oil prices (Norrie, Owram, and Emery, 172). In the year 1975, Anti-Inflation Act was incorporated which concentrates on escalation of wage and price inflation. Consequently, the Consumer Price Index inflation was 10.7 percent in the year 1974. in 1975, it was 10.9 percent. 1980s and 1990s In the eighties, Canada experience economic recession. There was a great impact on the mineral and manufacturing industry. In 1982, mining activities and operations in Yukon were shut down. More than seven hundred thousand miners were unemployed because of recession. In the mid eighties, the Canadian economy recovered itself and its economic growth was highest among al OECD countries. However, there were vast differences in economies of different Canadian provinces. Central provinces were economically and financially strong, whereas western provinces experiences economic recession because of decrease in prices of oil and other natural resources. The Atlantic Provinces also experienced turnover (Norrie, Owram, and Emery, 175). In the 1990, the Canadian economy started to contract and was heavily affected by the recession. Although recovery began in 1991, Canada experienced high rates of unemployment and budget deficit. However, it should be noted that in the nineties the Canadian econ omic growth rate was about three percent. In the year 1992, the unemployment rate was about twelve percent, which gradually declined to eight percent in 1999.Because of economic recession of early eighties and nineties, high unemployment rates, budget deficits and disaffection were witnessed. Because of the declining economy, Progressive Conservative Party was rejected severely

What explains European technological leadership by the nineteenth Essay

What explains European technological leadership by the nineteenth century - Essay Example The Age of Exploration was in turn rooted in the new ideas, technologies and spirit of enquiry that grew out of the early periods of the Renaissance.Prior to the Age of Exploration, the most vibrant and active economies of Europe had been in Mediterranean regions like Italy and Greece.It all began with the Age of Exploration in the 15th and 16th centuries. European ships boldly ventured into the seas and oceans of the world in search of new trading routes and partners to fuel a newly emerging capitalism in many of the European countries. But as a direct outcome of the daring sea expeditions carried out in the Age of Exploration, a new European economy became dominant. Known as the Atlantic economy, it was run and controlled by countries of Western Europe, such as Britain, France, Germany and Holland. These countries became the wealthiest and most powerful economies in Europe, and continue to be so to the present day.Even as trans-oceanic trade became commonplace, Europe was undergoin g a commercial revolution. As trade and commerce assumed higher levels of importance, traders and merchants superceded feudal landowners to become the most powerful class in society. In relatively short time, for the first time in the history, the bourgeoisie began to take charge of the politics and government in the European nations. The European voyages of discovery led to a vast influx of precious metals from the New World and a wide variety of valuable commodities from Asian countries, thus raising prices, stimulating industry, and fostering a money economy. Expansion of trade and the money economy lead to the development of banks and other institutions of finance and credit. In the 17th century, the Dutch were in the forefront financially, but towards the end of the century, with the establishment of the Bank of England, Britain was set on the road of becoming the foremost economy in Europe. Capitalism kept on spreading, and a new class of commercial entrepreneur evolved from the old-type merchant adventurers. There was a fair amount of technolgy already present, many machines were known, and there were factories employing these machines and technology. However, these early and primitive factories were the exceptions rather than the rule, if only for the simple reason that they were still fuelled by wood. But soon the much more powerful coal would come to replace wood as the fuel of choice. At the beginning of the 18th century, the general population was rapidly expanding and were wealthier than ever before. People began demanding more and more goods of better and better quality (Columbia Enclyclopedia, 2004). In the second half of the eighteenth century, a great economic transformation began sweeping the countries of Europe. The Industrial Revolution has begun. Over a span of 100 years, by 1850's, industry would rapidly become a major force in shaping economy, deeply affecting national life in a the major European countries, but most prominently in the country where it all started: England. The Industrial Revolution would go on to change the face of nations all over the world. This Revolution provided the economic base for the rise of a vast number of new professions, and after the Second World War eventually led to the appearance of unprecendented levels of prosperity in the Western world. Many developing nations of Asia and elsewhere are even now trying to catch up with the pace of progress implied by the word "Industrial Revolution." Since Karl Marx's Das Kapital (1869) and Arnold Toynbee's Lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England (1884), there have been scores of books exploring industrial revolution - this scientific, economic and social phenomenon of most singular importance in the history of the world - from different perspectives. A few of the currently popular books on this subject are Understanding the Industrial Revolution by Charles More, which describes theories of economic growth and

Retirement Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retirement Planning - Assignment Example The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different investment alternatives that I can use to develop a solid retirement plan. The biggest investment that people have is their homes. Despite the falling real estate market that occurred as a consequence of the recession of 2008 homes historically gain a lot of value over time. In 2012 the value of homes in America rose by 5.9% (Humphries, 2013). Buying a home is the first step towards financial independence. People that pay rent are throwing their money in the trash. An advantage of purchasing a home is that the interests from the mortgage on your first home are tax deductible. A good way to create wealth is by purchasing additional homes for rental. The rent typically pays for the majority of the mortgage. Upon retirement age a person can sell their second house to obtain a large sum of money. One of the best places for people to invest money towards their retirement is the stock market. The biggest stock exchange in the world is t he New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The most common investment instruments sold in the stock market are common stocks. A common stock is a security that represents ownership in a corporation (Investopedia, 2013). Owners of common stocks have voting rights. People can earn money from common stocks from equity appreciation and payment of dividends. The price of common stocks fluctuates every day. The average annual return on common stocks is 9.4% (Observationandnotes, 2009). One of best type of stocks to invest in is blue chip stocks. Blue chip stocks are stocks issued by a well know company with an established record of making money and paying dividends (Teweles, Bradley, Teweles, 1992). Three examples of blue chip stocks are Microsoft, McDonald’s, and Dell. Two types of stocks that have higher risks are foreign stocks and penny stocks. The average return of foreign stocks is 15%, but the standard deviation on the return is much higher (Ahl, 2004). Risk adverse investors should stay away from these types of equity instruments particularly penny stocks. Another type of stock that investors are often attracted too is preferred stocks. The difference between a common stock and preferred stock is that preferred stocks do not have voting rights, but dividends are guaranteed. It is important for investors to compile a diversified portfolio. Diversification can help investors lower their overall portfolio risk. The money market is another option for investors that are looking to save money towards retirement age. The money market is a financial market in which funds are borrowed or lend for short periods as distinguished from the capital market for long term funds (Teweles, et al., 1992). The best and most common money market instrument is treasury bills. Treasury bills are 90 day loans that the federal government sells to investors. The best attribute of a treasury bill is that it is a risk free investment. The federal government has never defaulted on its obli gations. The federal government also sells debt instruments that mature in six and twelve months. Another popular debt instrument is bonds. A bond is a long term loan that investors give to a governmental agency or a private institution. Bonds sold by corporations are often referred too as commercial paper. An investor that invests in a bond obtains interest known as the coupon rate. Once a

Recommendations for building and maintaining bone matrix and reducing Essay

Recommendations for building and maintaining bone matrix and reducing the risk of osteoporosis - Essay Example The incidence of fractures increases steeply with age, and is higher among women than men. Bone mass is the chief determinant of bone strength, and the loss of bone occurs silently and progressively, often without symptoms until the first fracture occurs. The size and density of bone are mainly dependent on genetic factors, but lifestyle factors such as good nutrition and regular exercise, the avoidance of smoking and excessive alcohol intake are also crucial to building and maintaining bone matrix (IOF, 2006). In the case of women, bone loss in the spine begins at or shortly before the menopause, and as early as the mid-30s in the femoral neck (Christodoulou & Cooper, 2003). The years following menopause bring about radical depletion in bone mineral density as a result of decreased estrogen levels. Hence, building up a surplus even while bone density is normal at a young age, is considered essential. Bone density increases with the help of preventative therapy â€Å"much more readily before having osteoporosis, let alone a fracture† (Lineback, 2003: 43). The recom mendations for building and maintaining bone matrix and reducing the risk of osteoporosis are as follows: 1. Nutritious Diet: Calcium is a major building block of bone tissue. An adequate calcium intake which meets the dietary requirements has to be ensured at each stage of life (IOF, 2006). The amount of calcium required by the body differs at different stages: the requirement being high in the teenage years with the rapid growth of the skeleton during which time the body’s efficiency to absorb calcium from the food increases. Milk and other dairy products are rich dietary sources of calcium, besides having the additional advantage of being good sources of protein and other micronutrients that are important for bone and general health. Other good food sources of calcium include green

Retirement Planning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Retirement Planning - Assignment Example The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different investment alternatives that I can use to develop a solid retirement plan. The biggest investment that people have is their homes. Despite the falling real estate market that occurred as a consequence of the recession of 2008 homes historically gain a lot of value over time. In 2012 the value of homes in America rose by 5.9% (Humphries, 2013). Buying a home is the first step towards financial independence. People that pay rent are throwing their money in the trash. An advantage of purchasing a home is that the interests from the mortgage on your first home are tax deductible. A good way to create wealth is by purchasing additional homes for rental. The rent typically pays for the majority of the mortgage. Upon retirement age a person can sell their second house to obtain a large sum of money. One of the best places for people to invest money towards their retirement is the stock market. The biggest stock exchange in the world is t he New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). The most common investment instruments sold in the stock market are common stocks. A common stock is a security that represents ownership in a corporation (Investopedia, 2013). Owners of common stocks have voting rights. People can earn money from common stocks from equity appreciation and payment of dividends. The price of common stocks fluctuates every day. The average annual return on common stocks is 9.4% (Observationandnotes, 2009). One of best type of stocks to invest in is blue chip stocks. Blue chip stocks are stocks issued by a well know company with an established record of making money and paying dividends (Teweles, Bradley, Teweles, 1992). Three examples of blue chip stocks are Microsoft, McDonald’s, and Dell. Two types of stocks that have higher risks are foreign stocks and penny stocks. The average return of foreign stocks is 15%, but the standard deviation on the return is much higher (Ahl, 2004). Risk adverse investors should stay away from these types of equity instruments particularly penny stocks. Another type of stock that investors are often attracted too is preferred stocks. The difference between a common stock and preferred stock is that preferred stocks do not have voting rights, but dividends are guaranteed. It is important for investors to compile a diversified portfolio. Diversification can help investors lower their overall portfolio risk. The money market is another option for investors that are looking to save money towards retirement age. The money market is a financial market in which funds are borrowed or lend for short periods as distinguished from the capital market for long term funds (Teweles, et al., 1992). The best and most common money market instrument is treasury bills. Treasury bills are 90 day loans that the federal government sells to investors. The best attribute of a treasury bill is that it is a risk free investment. The federal government has never defaulted on its obli gations. The federal government also sells debt instruments that mature in six and twelve months. Another popular debt instrument is bonds. A bond is a long term loan that investors give to a governmental agency or a private institution. Bonds sold by corporations are often referred too as commercial paper. An investor that invests in a bond obtains interest known as the coupon rate. Once a

Homework Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Homework - Coursework Example They were silver backers. On the other hand, the supporters of gold argued that gold entailed only honest money. The fight for free silver led to political realignment giving birth to the Greenback Labor Party, a coalition of farmers and urban wage workers. In 1878, fourteen members of the party were elected to the congress. The congress ratified the Silver purchase Act, which demanded that the government purchases silver and issue certificates. The silver fight divided the country under President Grover Cleveland in 1890. Voters of the late 19th century were highly partisan and participated passionately in elections than today. There were high voter turnout and party loyalty. High turnout can be attributed to the rewards that were given to party supporters and loyalist in terms of state jobs. The electorates are seemingly more apathetic today because they feel that their votes are of less importance and have no direct influence on political outcomes. After elections, politicians act on their own ways contrary to what the electorates may desire, which makes electorates to become less interested in the election process

Helping Children Improve their Self-Esteem Essay Example for Free

Helping Children Improve their Self-Esteem Essay To have a healthy sense of self-esteem is what most parents would want their young children to have. Special emphasis is given to self-esteem because parents know that self- esteem has a powerful effect on communication behavior. Also, many observers believe that at the bottom of the many societal problems lie in low self-esteem. Adler and Towne added that â€Å"people with high self esteem are more willing to communicate that people with low self-esteem† (48). Although self-esteem has been studied and scrutinized for many years already, specialists and educators still argue about its nature and development. Even so, they all generally agree that parents and other adults who are important to children play a major role in laying a solid foundation for a childs development. So what or how is self-esteem defined and illustrated in the different social contexts? Self-esteem is said to be a part of self concept that involves evaluations of self worth. The basics of self-esteem laid early in life when infants develop attachments with those who are responsible for them. Babies learn to feel loved and valued when those who look after them readily respond to their cries and smiles. By being loved and accepted by the people they idolize, children come to feel loved and accepted too. Also, parents and teachers can help their children to build healthy self-esteem by teaching good values, expressing appreciation, giving challenges, and coping with defeats. As children become increasingly sensitive to evaluations by their peers, parents and teachers can be very instrumental in fostering positive relationships with the children’s peers. You can also help the child by being clear about good values and keeping the communication lines open about experiences outside the home. When adults respond to the childs interests and efforts with appreciation rather than just praise, a childs sense of self-worth is more likely to deepen. Imagine this, when your child shows interest in something you are doing, you might want to include the child in the activity. In this manner, you respond positively to your childs interest by treating it seriously. On the contrary, flattery and praise can sometimes distract children from the topics they are interested in because children may develop a habit of expressing interest in a subject matter just to receive flattery. Tasks and activities that offer a real challenge than from those that are merely playful or funs are more likely to benefit children from. Involving the children in doing house hold chores will help boost self-esteem because it will give the children a sense of accomplishment. Cutright also put emphasis that rather than emphasizing constant successes and triumphs, parents and teachers can help the child develop and maintain healthy self-esteem by helping him or her cope with defeats. When love and support remain unchanged during times of disappointment or crisis, the childs weakened self-esteem can be strengthened when parents or teachers let the child feel that. As a conclusion, parents and teachers can play a significant role in strengthening childrens self-esteem by treating them respectfully, taking their views and opinions seriously, and expressing appreciation to them. Also, parents must keep in mind that self-esteem is an important part of every childs development. Reference: Adler, Ronald B. , and Neil Towne. Looking out/looking in interpersonal communication. 2nd ed. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1978. Cutright, Melitta. Self-esteem: the key to a childs success and happiness. PTA Today 17 (1992): 5-6.

The Elements Of Violence In Macbeth English Literature Essay

The Elements Of Violence In Macbeth English Literature Essay With elements like wars, assassinations, and murders, violence takes up a significant part of Macbeth. At the early stage of Macbeth, the audience is presented a battlefield scene where a bloody massager appears. Echoing such a violent and bloody image, the play ends with Macbeth being killed. Although karma is an Indian belief, lines like This even-handed justice / Commends the ingredients of our poisoned chalice / to our own lips (Macbeth I.vii.10) reveal traits of karma in the Scottish play.  [1]  Karma means that all actions have consequences which will affect the doers of the actions at some future time (Reichenbach 399). In this essay, I will argue that violence is not merely actions performed by the characters but the skeleton of plot and theme. For the sake of a clear analysis, I will first outline the concept of karma and karma of violence in Macbeth. Then I will conclude that the karmic effect of violence drives the development of plot and reflects moral judgement. As suggested by Rajendra Prasad, the law of karma should be viewed as a retributive theory of morality (qtd. in Keown 331). Reichenbach also noted that 1.Morally accountable actions which are done out of desire for their fruits are subjected to karma; 2.Some karmic effects are manifested at once or in this life, some in the next life; 3.Karmic effect of actions can be accumulated (qtd. in Keown 335). In this essay, Keowns idea on karma is taken; the relationship between karma and intention is indisputable; volitional action alone can result in karma; sinning in ones heart without physical performance is possible that same act may have different karma for different people (Keown 336). Rebirth and karma beyond characters portrayed lives will not be discussed here. Violence is not only a part of the play, but its skeleton. Karma, as stated, is accumulative and is resulted from moral and physical actions. In Macbeth, violence, with its karmic effect, breeds violence. In Act one, Macbeth is reported about cutting Macdonwald open, unseame[s] him from the nave to th chops, / [a]nd fixe[s] his head upon battlements (I.ii.22-3)and is [n]othing afeard of what [himself] didst make, / [s]trange images of death (I.iii.97-8). This suggests his violent nature and his capacity of bloody deeds in the future. Such a valiant and worthy achievement (I.ii.24), as a result, won him the title of Thane of Cawdor. It was then the realization of prophecy bred his ambition whose murder yet is but fantastical (I.iii.139). The word fantastical echoes with Banquos address to the witches I the name of truth, / Are ye fantastical or that indeed / which outwardly ye show?(I.iii.54-5), drawing parallel between the witches and Macbeths fantastical thoughts which are not indee d outwardly [he] show[ed] as well. With such murderous thoughts, Macbeth, whose [place] [is] the nearest (I.iv.36) to Duncan betrays his own family blood and country to secure the throne. The karmic effect of this bloody throne is fear; the fear on Banquos issue and Macduffs flee to England prompts him further violence and ultimate self-destruction. His bloody acts make returning were as tedious as go over (III.iv.140-1).Violence, therefore, breeds on-and-on violent deeds till the end of the play. As Macbeth puts it, Things bad begun make strong themselves by ill (III.ii.55), such on-and-on violence increases intensity over time. After violence against Macdonwald, Macbeth killed Duncan in sleep. Sleep, under Shakespeares description, is innocent . . . that knits up the reveled sleeve of care . . . the great natures second course, chief nourisher in lifes feast (II.ii.34-8). The peaceful description of natures gift and Duncans royal position contrast with the murder, highlighting intensified violence. Although he is unsettled by the deed, he soon recovers and exhibits a greater degree of violence. Without consulting his wife, Macbeth readily kills two innocent servants. Compared to the hesitation shown in Duncans murder, he becomes bolder. Violence, as a recurring role, performs an endless loop. Macbeth, with a mind full of scorpions (III.ii.36), then sends out three men in total only to ensure Banquo and Fleances deaths. He becomes determined to take a step further to kill the weaker gender and innocent children in Macduffs family. When Macduff receives the tragic news, he asks about his children repeatedly and all my children?, My children too?, What, all my pretty chickens and their dam / at one fell swoop? (IV.iii.211-8). Such responses reflect that people then perceived the act of killing innocent children as outrageously violent.The climax of on-and-on violence came when Macduff greets the King with Macbeths head, saying Behold, where stands / the usurpers cursed head. (V.viii.54-5), putting an end on the loop of violence in the play. This illustration of the intensifying loop of violence suggests karmic consequences of murderous thoughts. In the analysis of Shakespearean violence, Foakes suggests that the urge to violence is deeply embedded in the human psyche, and creates recurring whatever political formations are dominant (Foakes 16). This viewpoint echoes with this karmic loop of violence. The series of violent acts keeps driving the plot development. The karma begins with Macbeths sinning in [his] heart (Keown 336) with murderous thoughts. Had he stopped at any point of his violent murders, he would not have suffered the deadly karma. Karmic effects of Macbeths repetitive violence, as suggested, accumulated throughout the play, causing the downfall of the soul and self-destruction. The karma of violence, therefore, extends the plot with series of consequences in Macbeth. In Macbeth, karma of violence is not only the consequences of behaviour. It implicitly reflects good morality in violence. Contrasting conventional idea, violence does not necessarily imply bad karma. Traditional Christian belief generally subscribes to the idea of Thou shalt not kill. However, under karma, same act may have different consequences for different people. At the beginning of the play, Duncan ordered the execution of Thane of Cawdor. This act of violence, justified by the traitors betrayal, did not result in a bad karma. Duncan, despite his death, enjoys the peace of mind of which Macbeth is deprived. Although Banquos violent behaviours are not explicitly described, audience can understand that Banquo, as a warrior, is capable of violence. His acts of violence, however, are justified by his selfless patriotism. In the play, Shakespeare uses Banquo as a moral contrast against Macbeth. They are of similar background, official rank and power at the beginning of Macbeth; they both face the tempting prophecy. However, Banquo endeavours to keep [his] bosom franchised and allegiance clear (II.i.26-7) while Macbeth jump[s] the life to come to commit murders (I.vii.7). The fact that Banquo succeeds in upholding morality in the same temptation suggests that Macbeths tragic ending is not a result of fatalism, but karma out of volitional actions. Karma is hugely based on ethical consideration and moral accountability. With moral actions, Banquos family line is blessed with good karma, contrasting Macbeths violence-induced fatal karma. Macduff, who performed the visually bloodiest violence by cutting and displaying Macbeths head, is also exempted from bad karma.  [2]  Since Macbeth has no children of his own, it is unlikely that Macduffs bloody deed would provoke another loop of violence against himself. It is reasonable to suggest that, Macduffs violent action, as a karma on Macbeth, is justified by its good intention of saving Scotland from the tyranny. The above examples of karma contrast against the deadly karma on Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. In Macbeths case, he performs all the violence based on his desire for power and the fear in securing it. Accordingly, he is subjected to karmic effects, which mostly take the form of internal struggles. Booth concluded that, all three murders towards Duncan, Banquo and Macduffs family are followed immediately by scenes of suffering and self-tortures (Booth 31). After Duncans murder, every noise appals Macbeth and he hears ominous voices threatening that he could no longer sleep with peace (II.ii.56). Although Macbeth does not show explicit guilt after Banquos death, his sub-conscience tortures him. He is startled by the image of Banquos phantom despite his self-regard as a fearless man. Macbeths soul becomes weary after murdering Macduffs family. He pessimistically believes that [his] way of life / [i]s falln into the sere, the yellow leaf, / [a]nd that which should accompany old age, / [a]s h onor, love, obedience, troops of friends, / [he] must not look to have.(V.iii.22-6). Ironically, Macbeth has traded his soul, friends, honour for a fruitless crown and a lifeless life. He is caught in a tragedy of his own making. In this way, the karma on Macbeth manifests as his internal struggles. Despite sympathy towards Macbeth, Macbeths selfishness, betrayal and violence deserve his own deadly and violent karma. As suggested by the Bible, For the wages of sin is death (Roman 5: 23). Therefore, given his murderous deeds, his death has to be brutally violent for moral justification. Macbeths tragic death implies that Shakespeare has acknowledged the immorality of Macbeths violent deeds. Lady Macbeth, similarly, has to pay a price for pouring [her] spirit in [Macbeths] ear, / [a]nd chastise[s] with the valour of [her] tongue (I.v.24-5) Ribner commented that The relationship between Macbeth and his wife steadily deteriorates . . . . The force of evil severs Macbeth from the rest of humanity; it breaks also the bond which ties him to his wife. He lives more and more closely with his own fears into which she cannot intrude . . . . No longer does he confide in her. (Ribner 164) Considering Lady Macbeths admiration to Macbeth and her devotion to help him get the throne, psychological separation between the couple is unbearable to Lady Macbeth. It is reasonable to deduce that this psychological separation may explain her mental breakdown and loss of masculinity displayed before. The fact that the seemingly evil Lady Macbeth is also subjected to karmic condemnation from her own conscience may signifies her humanness, but more importantly, the deadly karma is to impose moral judgement on her behaviours. Karma of a particular behaviour reflects its moral nature and judgement. In Macbeth, not all violent deeds result in bad karma. Considering the play is set in a political disturbed period in which Scotland was first traumatized by traitors and then Macbeth the Tyrant, violence, to a certain extent, was a norm in that era. The fact that Scotland restores her order through violence against Macbeth suggests that some violence is morally right. These characters who perform violence for morally right reasons can be exempted from bad karma. Karma, in Buddhist belief, is controlled by a Supreme Being. Shakespeare, as a Supreme Being of this play, reflects judgements towards the characters behaviours with different karmas resulted. Karma on violence, therefore, gives the audience some ideas on the morality of violence. Violence is the linking element that drives plot development. It is through the recurring nature of karma that violence in Macbeth trammel[s] up the consequence (I.vii.3) of Macbeths self-destruction. By designing different karmic effects, Shakespeare explores the good and evil of violence. Although sympathy towards human flaws may be valued, it is necessary to have deadly karma for ill-intended murders committed. Violence, therefore, is not merely a part of the plot. It is the driving force of the plot and a subtle exploration on morality of violence.

Klu Klux Klan - KKK :: American History

KKK The Klu Klux Klan called themselves the white knights because they rode around on horses. They wore white sheets over their heads and dressed their horses in white sheets and rode in neighborhoods where black people lived. They brought terror into the lives of the African Americans. The symbol of the Klu Klux Klan was the burning cross. A KKK member once stated, "We do not burn the cross to symbolize the destruction of it, but to enlighten it." The name Klu Klux Klan derived from the Greek word "kuklos," meaning circle or wheel. The Klu Klux Klan was considered to be a "fraternal organization." It grew out of the Civil War to protect and preserve the white race. It was to ensure the "voluntary separation" of the races. In many cases that meant the termination of blacks, Catholics, and Jews. The Ku Klux Klan is one of America's oldest and most feared groups. Motivated by the dream of a world with only one race, the KKK uses violence and does things that are against the law to support their cause. They have been in the shadows for over 130 years, and occasionally continue to succeed in America's society today. The Ku Klux Klan began during the rebuilding process after the Civil War in the Southern United States. The southern people had suffered a lot from the effects of the Civil War. Many of them lost their homes and plantations; many also lost friends and loved ones to the war. In 1865, six men from a small town in Tennessee began what has grown to be the largest and most feared "hate group" in the United States. The men decided to make a club to help relieve the stress of the times. All of the men were poor and could not afford to make uniforms for the group, so they decided to use plain, white sheets. They wore the sheets over their backs and put pillowcases on their heads. They also draped the sheets over their horses. In the beginning, the men only wanted to play pranks on people to try to cheer them up after the terrible war. But the people were more frightened than they were cheered up. They soon figured out what they could do with these fearful pranks.

Bringing hydrocephalus

The history of hydrocephalus dates back to the time of Hippocrates (he died c. 375) and even further to medieval times when physicians believed that it was caused by an extractable (sic) accumulation of water. Surgical evacuation of superficial fluid in hydrocephalus children was first described in detail by Balalaikas AY Zachary in 1744 (Scoff, Kramer, Hashish & Sunken, 1999).While there have been many great strides, both in research and treatment, it seems the great pool of knowledge resides not thin the medical community, but in the adult survivors of the condition. One can only wonder if this is due, at least in part, to a perception by the medical community that it is not a survivable condition. Actually the exact opposite is now true. With proper medical treatment (done in a timely manner) and LOTS of love and support from the patient's family, many hydrocephalus children can go on to live near normal lives.Introduction The modern era of hydrocephalus research began with the st udies of Dandy and Blackman in 1914 (Grittier, 2007). To this day their work is considered an unsurpassed nutrition toward the understanding of hydrocephalus. While I applaud their work, it has been ninety-nine (99) years since any work of a similar scope or caliber has been undertaken and it is beginning to show. As an example, when I was born in 1963, I showed the early stages of congenital hydrocephalus and my family was basically told â€Å"take him home to die†.Needless to say, I didn't die and have become – even according to the local medical community – one of the best sources of information in our area when it comes to hydrocephalus. Although I feel honored to eave such distinction, it's not enough – the medical community – especially pediatricians – need to possess that same knowledge and that is my purpose in writing this paper. L. 20-Year decline in the mortality rate for hydrocephalus Before getting too involved in why hydrocepha lus research needs to be brought into the 21st century, an explanation of the condition is needed.Hydrocephalus is defined as â€Å"A condition marked by an excessive accumulation of cerebration's fluid (SF) resulting in dilation of the cerebral ventricles and elevated interracial pressure; (it) ay also result in enlargement of the cranium and atrophy of the brain† (Williams, 2006). It can take one of two forms. It can be either communicating (meaning there is not visible cause for the blockage of SF) or non-communicating (meaning it results from an abnormal flow of SF in and around the brain. It is also known as pediatric hydrocephalus since it is normally present from birth. (â€Å"Nervous system diseases,† 2008). When I was born in 1963, the life expectancy for a child with this condition was approximately two (2) years and the only known treatment, placement of a shunt, was still in its infancy. Since that time, shunt surgery has been refined and could almost †“ depending on the individual patient – be considered an almost routine procedure. In an article published in the August 2005 issue of the Journal of Neurosurgery, Dry. J. H. Chi, ET. AY. Stated â€Å"Congenital hydrocephalus has an estimated population incidence of 0. To 0. 8/1,000 live births† (Chi, Fullerton & Guppy, 2005). They credit this to improvements in techniques for SF shunting; however, they state that data describing mortality from congenital hydrocephalus – or that demonstrate improvements in the mortality rate are scarce. For those not familiar with shunt implantation surgery, it involves making a small incision in both the top of the head and the abdomen (in the case of a ventricular-peritoneal (UP) shunt) to insert the shunt which drains excess fluid from the brain (Goodman, 2013).To validate their hypothesis, the doctors performed an electronic search of the National Center for Health Statistics death certificate database to identify deaths f rom 1979 to 1988 directly attributable to congenital hydrocephalus, spins biffed with hydrocephalus, and acquired hydrocephalus in all children in the United States aged one (1) day to 0 years. There were 10,406 deaths attributed to childhood hydrocephalus during the 20-year period reviewed. This translates to an overall mortality rate of 0. 71 per 100. 000 person-years.Additionally, their research showed infants had the highest mortality rate with 3,979 deaths. Overall during the period deaths from acquired hydrocephalus – meaning that it occurs after birth and is the result of a tumor, injury, or disease that blocks the uptake of SF – decreased 67. 5%, deaths from congenital hydrocephalus declined 66. 3 %, and deaths from spins biffed with hydrocephalus declined 30. 4%. What does it all mean? It means that the medical community needs to re-think their position on hydrocephalus as well as what they tell patients and their families.It means saying â€Å"Take him/her h ome to die,† is no longer an option. Does it mean re-inventing the wheel? For an older doctor it could very well mean that although, in most cases, it will not be quite so drastic. The Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network (HCI) makes the following recommendations to its members: Reduce risk of infection associated with shunt surgery Approximately 8% – 10% of shunt operations result in an infection. A study is currently underway for a quality improvement technique that will reduce surgery- related shunt infection(s). (Woolens, 2013).The result will be a reduction in the infection rate thereby reducing the length of hospitalizing as well as patient morbidity. Management of hydrocephalus in premature children The HCI is investigating two (2) surgical procedures that are commonly used to manage IV-induced hydrocephalus in premature children. A sublease reservoir is an implant consisting of a tube which goes into the ventricle attached to a silicone bubble that sits under the skin. As fluid accumulates in the ventricle, it can be removed by a needle puncture through the skin and into the silicone bubble.The second procedure is an s sublease shunt, which is similar to the reservoir except that the silicone bubble under the skin has a reservoir has an opening in the side that allows fluid to flow out under the skin. The fluid is then absorbed into the tissues. Understanding the epidemiology and outcomes of Endoscopies Third Ventriloquist's or TV Endoscopies Third Ventriloquist's (TV) is a surgical procedure where a small perforation is made is made in the thinned floor of the third entrance allowing movement of SF out of the blocked ventricular system and into the intracellular cistern which is a normal SF space.The objective of this procedure, known as a interracial SF diversion, is to normalize pressure on the brain without using a shunt. Although TV is widely used in Europe to treat hydrocephalus, its use in North America is much less common. The H CI is working to understand when the procedure is indicated as well as its associated outcomes and possible complications. The use of TV is attractive due to the fact that infection s very rare as are other complications such as slit ventricles.Conclusion Our knowledge of hydrocephalus has come a long way since medieval times when it was believed that hydrocephalus was the result of extractable (sic) accumulation of water. It has even made significant strides since the groundbreaking work of Dandy and Blackman in 1914, but the medical community must not rest on its laurels. In order to fully bring the treatment of hydrocephalus into the 21st century, they must embrace research being done by organizations like the Hydrocephalus Clinical Research Network.I feel this increased awareness is long past due because, even though it has been almost [emphasis added] a half-century since I was born with the condition, the amount of information available to the medical community remain largely unchanged. I think that is due – at least in part – to the misconception that there is not a high survival rate, therefore, why waste the money? My research has shown that over the past twenty (20) years, the mortality rate for hydrocephalus has actually declined with 0. 71 per 100,000 errors/year (Chi, 2005).The vast majority of the deaths were the result of congenital hydrocephalus – meaning that it is present to some degree when the baby is born. Here is how the AC can help to make my â€Å"big idea† (the name given by our instructor to our project) a reality. Publish more articles about the condition, research into it, and current treatment such as shunting and Endoscopies Third Ventriloquist's. Do feature stories about both child and adult survivors because we have a story we would like the world to know about!

Strategic Marketing Management

Guidelines for â€Å"Strategic Marketing Project† Elements: 1. Environmental Analysis (SWOT) 2. Identifying Customers 3. Competitor/Value Creation Analysis 4. Marketing Mix: The 4 P’s 5. Financial Analysis and Budget 6. Implementation and Control Plan 1. Know Your Marketplace †¢ Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) †¢ Trends and changes: – Market analysis – Segmentation – Prioritizing target markets 1. Know who you are selling to (market analysis, segmentation, prioritizing targets) 2. Know what is important to targeted customers (customer analysis) 3. Make sure you are distinctively different from your competition in areas of importance to targeted segments (competitive analysis, reallocation of resources if necessary, positioning, market intelligence) 4. Focus attention of everyone on delivering what the customer wants (management of people, monitoring and control). 5. Constant monitoring of changes in the market (market intelligence, market analysis, internal feedback system) The most fundamental marketing concept is treating customers like you are truly interested in them. That means making sure you are meeting needs that customers perceive as important. Meeting needs is the heartland of every marketing program. A useful tool in assessing the marketplace is SWOT. Assessing the opportunities and threats and how the business can capitalize on them or avoid them using the firm’s strengths weaknesses 2. Who Are Your Customers? Customer/Consumer Trends Customers †¢ Just-in-time inventory †¢ Business to business (B2B) †¢ Manufacturing mentality †¢ Industrialization of agriculture Consumers †¢ Households with fewer people †¢ Active, on-the-go lifestyles Concern over the health aspect of food, with a desire for good taste †¢ Less time for meal prep Know What Is Important to Your Customer †¢ Get inside the mind of your customers †¢ Find out why they would buy from you. . . or why they would not †¢ Truly understand their needs – Intentional listening – Customer analysis – Solve their p roblems 3. Competitor/Value Creation Analysis Make sure you are distinctively different from your competition in areas of importance to your customers †¢ Competitive analysis †¢ Reallocation of resources if necessary †¢ Positioning The Value Chain The Value Chain, or value plate, does is breakdown the functions of a company into its activities to provide a way to assess the internal capacities of the business. The value chain categorizes the generic value-adding activities of an organization. The â€Å"primary activities† include: inbound logistics, operations (production), outbound logistics, marketing and sales (demand), and services (maintenance). The â€Å"support activities† include: administrative infrastructure management, human resource management, technology (R&D), and procurement. The costs and value drivers are identified for each value activity. The value chain framework quickly made its way to the forefront of management thought as a powerful analysis tool for strategic planning. 4. Determining the Marketing Mix †¢ The set of controllable variables that will accomplish the marketing objectives: †¢ Product strategy †¢ Place (distribution) strategy †¢ Promotion (communication) strategy †¢ Pricing strategy Product Strategy †¢ Portfolio of Products – Flavors, colors, variants, blends, genres etc – Fits your strengths and weaknesses – Provides acceptable risk/return trade off – Meets needs of a particular customer segment Quality – No. 1 versus No. 2 – †¢ Service – Timely custom operations – Pre-sorting of grain or livestock quality †¢ Volume – Large and small quantities – Guaranteed volumes (contract) Example: McDonald’s Product Package †¢ Food †¢ Fast service †¢ Fun for the kids †¢ Variety â € ¢ Non-smoking †¢ Consistent product Place/Distribution Strategy †¢ Location – Delivery to multiple points Promotion Strategy †¢ Advertising – Creating TVC, Radio copy, Print ads, outdoor/hoardings ad, Posters, brochures and other advertisements on the products – Creating a logo †¢ Personal Selling Telling your customers how you create value – Having lunch with the corporate customer/vendor †¢ Public Relations – Being a good neighbor – Being involved in the community – Open house days Price Strategy Price is the cost the customer must bear in order to obtain the product. It includes: †¢ list price †¢ discounts †¢ allowances †¢ payment period †¢ credit terms Pricing Methods †¢ Value-Based Pricing – Set price based on buyers’ perception of value (rather than on the seller’s costs) †¢ Cost-Based Pricing – Add a standard markup to the cost of the pr oduct †¢ Competition-Based Pricing Set price based on following competitors’ prices 5. Financial Analysis and Budgeting †¢ Estimate the demand given the pricing and promotion strategy. †¢ Determine expenses associated with production and marketing. †¢ Determine anticipated cash flows. †¢ Will strategy cash flow? When? †¢ What are the critical assumptions of the financial analysis and what are the impacts of changes in those assumptions? 6. Implementation and Control †¢ Focus attention of everyone on delivering what the customer wants – Management of people – Monitoring and control Good luck! Strategic Marketing Management Strategic Marketing Management Sample Exam Questions Question 1: a. Is the PLC (Product life cycle) concept useful in developing Marketing strategies? Describe why or why not? What are the limitations of the PLC concept? A strategy is a fundamental pattern of present and planned objectives, resource deployments, and interactions of an organisation with markets, competitors and other environmental factors. b. What are the advantages available to Google with their Google maps (as a Pioneer firm) in the Internet search engine market? What are the advantages available to any of the follower firms in the market? c. Under what conditions to pioneer and follower strategies each have the greatest probability of long-term success? Question 2: a. Explain the term ‘sustainable competitive advantage’ b. Discuss five (5) differentiation and five (5) overall cost leadership strategies a firm can pursuer to create sustainable competitive advantages c. What are four (4) different types of businesses based on their intended rate of product-market development as proposed by Miles and Snow? d. You are the marketing manager for a generic products division of a major pharmaceutical manufacturer. Your division is a low-cost defender that maintains its position in the generic drug market by holding down its costs and selling generic products to distributors and pharmacies at very low prices. What are the implications of this business strategy for each of the 4Ps in the strategic marketing programme you would develop for your division? Question 3: a. What is market orientation? What are the advantages and drawbacks of being ‘market oriented’ for a firm like Qantas Airways? Lecture 1: Market orientation is implementing a more customer-focused approach to marketing. This involves companies that make what they can sell as opposed to selling what they can make. Market oriented companies have a broad product line and base their pricing on perceived benefits provided as opposed to production and distribution costs as Product oriented firms do. Their research is focused on identifying new opportunities and applying new technology to satisfy customer needs as opposed to product improvement and cost cutting solutions like product oriented firms. Such companies design packaging for customer convenience and use it as a promotional tool rather than to merely protect the product or reduce costs involved and they emphasise their promotion on product benefits and ability to satisfy customer needs or solve problems (as opposed to product features, quality and price). Advantages include†¦ b. Discuss the factors that mediate a marketing’s strategic role within an organisation Lecture 1: Competitive factors affect a firms market orientation Influence of different development stages across industries and global markets Strategic Inertia . Outline the major levels of strategy in most large, multi-product organisations Lecture 1: 1. Corporate Strategy: Decisions about the organisation’s scope and resource deployments across its divisions or businesses 2. Business-level strategy: How a business unit competes within its industry 3. Marketing strategy (Functional) Effective allocation and coordination of marketing resourc es and activities d. List the five components of a well-developed strategy. Lecture 1: 1. Scope (breadth of the strategic domain) 2. Goals and Objectives (What is to be accomplished) 3. Resource deployments (Allocation of limited resources) 4. Identification of sustainable competitive advantage (How the organisation will compete) 5. Synergy (Whole greater than the sum of parts) Question 5: Apple computer’s iPods holds a commanding share of the rapidly growing global market for digital music players. To maintain its lead as the market continues to grow, what strategic marketing objectives should Apple focus on and why? Which specific marketing actions would you recommend for accomplishing Apple’s objectives? Be specific with regard to each of the 4Ps in the firm’s marketing programme. Question 6. While we have seen that a business may have a number of other strategic options, the conventional wisdom suggests that a declining business should either be divested or harvested for maximum cash flow. Under what kinds of market and competitive conditions do each of these two conventional strategies make good sense? What kinds of marketing actions are typically involved in successfully implementing a harvesting strategy? Strategic Marketing Management Strategic Marketing Management Sample Exam Questions Question 1: a. Is the PLC (Product life cycle) concept useful in developing Marketing strategies? Describe why or why not? What are the limitations of the PLC concept? A strategy is a fundamental pattern of present and planned objectives, resource deployments, and interactions of an organisation with markets, competitors and other environmental factors. b. What are the advantages available to Google with their Google maps (as a Pioneer firm) in the Internet search engine market? What are the advantages available to any of the follower firms in the market? c. Under what conditions to pioneer and follower strategies each have the greatest probability of long-term success? Question 2: a. Explain the term ‘sustainable competitive advantage’ b. Discuss five (5) differentiation and five (5) overall cost leadership strategies a firm can pursuer to create sustainable competitive advantages c. What are four (4) different types of businesses based on their intended rate of product-market development as proposed by Miles and Snow? d. You are the marketing manager for a generic products division of a major pharmaceutical manufacturer. Your division is a low-cost defender that maintains its position in the generic drug market by holding down its costs and selling generic products to distributors and pharmacies at very low prices. What are the implications of this business strategy for each of the 4Ps in the strategic marketing programme you would develop for your division? Question 3: a. What is market orientation? What are the advantages and drawbacks of being ‘market oriented’ for a firm like Qantas Airways? Lecture 1: Market orientation is implementing a more customer-focused approach to marketing. This involves companies that make what they can sell as opposed to selling what they can make. Market oriented companies have a broad product line and base their pricing on perceived benefits provided as opposed to production and distribution costs as Product oriented firms do. Their research is focused on identifying new opportunities and applying new technology to satisfy customer needs as opposed to product improvement and cost cutting solutions like product oriented firms. Such companies design packaging for customer convenience and use it as a promotional tool rather than to merely protect the product or reduce costs involved and they emphasise their promotion on product benefits and ability to satisfy customer needs or solve problems (as opposed to product features, quality and price). Advantages include†¦ b. Discuss the factors that mediate a marketing’s strategic role within an organisation Lecture 1: Competitive factors affect a firms market orientation Influence of different development stages across industries and global markets Strategic Inertia . Outline the major levels of strategy in most large, multi-product organisations Lecture 1: 1. Corporate Strategy: Decisions about the organisation’s scope and resource deployments across its divisions or businesses 2. Business-level strategy: How a business unit competes within its industry 3. Marketing strategy (Functional) Effective allocation and coordination of marketing resourc es and activities d. List the five components of a well-developed strategy. Lecture 1: 1. Scope (breadth of the strategic domain) 2. Goals and Objectives (What is to be accomplished) 3. Resource deployments (Allocation of limited resources) 4. Identification of sustainable competitive advantage (How the organisation will compete) 5. Synergy (Whole greater than the sum of parts) Question 5: Apple computer’s iPods holds a commanding share of the rapidly growing global market for digital music players. To maintain its lead as the market continues to grow, what strategic marketing objectives should Apple focus on and why? Which specific marketing actions would you recommend for accomplishing Apple’s objectives? Be specific with regard to each of the 4Ps in the firm’s marketing programme. Question 6. While we have seen that a business may have a number of other strategic options, the conventional wisdom suggests that a declining business should either be divested or harvested for maximum cash flow. Under what kinds of market and competitive conditions do each of these two conventional strategies make good sense? What kinds of marketing actions are typically involved in successfully implementing a harvesting strategy? Strategic Marketing Management Guidelines for â€Å"Strategic Marketing Project† Elements: 1. Environmental Analysis (SWOT) 2. Identifying Customers 3. Competitor/Value Creation Analysis 4. Marketing Mix: The 4 P’s 5. Financial Analysis and Budget 6. Implementation and Control Plan 1. Know Your Marketplace †¢ Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) †¢ Trends and changes: – Market analysis – Segmentation – Prioritizing target markets 1. Know who you are selling to (market analysis, segmentation, prioritizing targets) 2. Know what is important to targeted customers (customer analysis) 3. Make sure you are distinctively different from your competition in areas of importance to targeted segments (competitive analysis, reallocation of resources if necessary, positioning, market intelligence) 4. Focus attention of everyone on delivering what the customer wants (management of people, monitoring and control). 5. Constant monitoring of changes in the market (market intelligence, market analysis, internal feedback system) The most fundamental marketing concept is treating customers like you are truly interested in them. That means making sure you are meeting needs that customers perceive as important. Meeting needs is the heartland of every marketing program. A useful tool in assessing the marketplace is SWOT. Assessing the opportunities and threats and how the business can capitalize on them or avoid them using the firm’s strengths weaknesses 2. Who Are Your Customers? Customer/Consumer Trends Customers †¢ Just-in-time inventory †¢ Business to business (B2B) †¢ Manufacturing mentality †¢ Industrialization of agriculture Consumers †¢ Households with fewer people †¢ Active, on-the-go lifestyles Concern over the health aspect of food, with a desire for good taste †¢ Less time for meal prep Know What Is Important to Your Customer †¢ Get inside the mind of your customers †¢ Find out why they would buy from you. . . or why they would not †¢ Truly understand their needs – Intentional listening – Customer analysis – Solve their p roblems 3. Competitor/Value Creation Analysis Make sure you are distinctively different from your competition in areas of importance to your customers †¢ Competitive analysis †¢ Reallocation of resources if necessary †¢ Positioning The Value Chain The Value Chain, or value plate, does is breakdown the functions of a company into its activities to provide a way to assess the internal capacities of the business. The value chain categorizes the generic value-adding activities of an organization. The â€Å"primary activities† include: inbound logistics, operations (production), outbound logistics, marketing and sales (demand), and services (maintenance). The â€Å"support activities† include: administrative infrastructure management, human resource management, technology (R&D), and procurement. The costs and value drivers are identified for each value activity. The value chain framework quickly made its way to the forefront of management thought as a powerful analysis tool for strategic planning. 4. Determining the Marketing Mix †¢ The set of controllable variables that will accomplish the marketing objectives: †¢ Product strategy †¢ Place (distribution) strategy †¢ Promotion (communication) strategy †¢ Pricing strategy Product Strategy †¢ Portfolio of Products – Flavors, colors, variants, blends, genres etc – Fits your strengths and weaknesses – Provides acceptable risk/return trade off – Meets needs of a particular customer segment Quality – No. 1 versus No. 2 – †¢ Service – Timely custom operations – Pre-sorting of grain or livestock quality †¢ Volume – Large and small quantities – Guaranteed volumes (contract) Example: McDonald’s Product Package †¢ Food †¢ Fast service †¢ Fun for the kids †¢ Variety â € ¢ Non-smoking †¢ Consistent product Place/Distribution Strategy †¢ Location – Delivery to multiple points Promotion Strategy †¢ Advertising – Creating TVC, Radio copy, Print ads, outdoor/hoardings ad, Posters, brochures and other advertisements on the products – Creating a logo †¢ Personal Selling Telling your customers how you create value – Having lunch with the corporate customer/vendor †¢ Public Relations – Being a good neighbor – Being involved in the community – Open house days Price Strategy Price is the cost the customer must bear in order to obtain the product. It includes: †¢ list price †¢ discounts †¢ allowances †¢ payment period †¢ credit terms Pricing Methods †¢ Value-Based Pricing – Set price based on buyers’ perception of value (rather than on the seller’s costs) †¢ Cost-Based Pricing – Add a standard markup to the cost of the pr oduct †¢ Competition-Based Pricing Set price based on following competitors’ prices 5. Financial Analysis and Budgeting †¢ Estimate the demand given the pricing and promotion strategy. †¢ Determine expenses associated with production and marketing. †¢ Determine anticipated cash flows. †¢ Will strategy cash flow? When? †¢ What are the critical assumptions of the financial analysis and what are the impacts of changes in those assumptions? 6. Implementation and Control †¢ Focus attention of everyone on delivering what the customer wants – Management of people – Monitoring and control Good luck! Strategic Marketing Management Guidelines for â€Å"Strategic Marketing Project† Elements: 1. Environmental Analysis (SWOT) 2. Identifying Customers 3. Competitor/Value Creation Analysis 4. Marketing Mix: The 4 P’s 5. Financial Analysis and Budget 6. Implementation and Control Plan 1. Know Your Marketplace †¢ Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) †¢ Trends and changes: – Market analysis – Segmentation – Prioritizing target markets 1. Know who you are selling to (market analysis, segmentation, prioritizing targets) 2. Know what is important to targeted customers (customer analysis) 3. Make sure you are distinctively different from your competition in areas of importance to targeted segments (competitive analysis, reallocation of resources if necessary, positioning, market intelligence) 4. Focus attention of everyone on delivering what the customer wants (management of people, monitoring and control). 5. Constant monitoring of changes in the market (market intelligence, market analysis, internal feedback system) The most fundamental marketing concept is treating customers like you are truly interested in them. That means making sure you are meeting needs that customers perceive as important. Meeting needs is the heartland of every marketing program. A useful tool in assessing the marketplace is SWOT. Assessing the opportunities and threats and how the business can capitalize on them or avoid them using the firm’s strengths weaknesses 2. Who Are Your Customers? Customer/Consumer Trends Customers †¢ Just-in-time inventory †¢ Business to business (B2B) †¢ Manufacturing mentality †¢ Industrialization of agriculture Consumers †¢ Households with fewer people †¢ Active, on-the-go lifestyles Concern over the health aspect of food, with a desire for good taste †¢ Less time for meal prep Know What Is Important to Your Customer †¢ Get inside the mind of your customers †¢ Find out why they would buy from you. . . or why they would not †¢ Truly understand their needs – Intentional listening – Customer analysis – Solve their p roblems 3. Competitor/Value Creation Analysis Make sure you are distinctively different from your competition in areas of importance to your customers †¢ Competitive analysis †¢ Reallocation of resources if necessary †¢ Positioning The Value Chain The Value Chain, or value plate, does is breakdown the functions of a company into its activities to provide a way to assess the internal capacities of the business. The value chain categorizes the generic value-adding activities of an organization. The â€Å"primary activities† include: inbound logistics, operations (production), outbound logistics, marketing and sales (demand), and services (maintenance). The â€Å"support activities† include: administrative infrastructure management, human resource management, technology (R&D), and procurement. The costs and value drivers are identified for each value activity. The value chain framework quickly made its way to the forefront of management thought as a powerful analysis tool for strategic planning. 4. Determining the Marketing Mix †¢ The set of controllable variables that will accomplish the marketing objectives: †¢ Product strategy †¢ Place (distribution) strategy †¢ Promotion (communication) strategy †¢ Pricing strategy Product Strategy †¢ Portfolio of Products – Flavors, colors, variants, blends, genres etc – Fits your strengths and weaknesses – Provides acceptable risk/return trade off – Meets needs of a particular customer segment Quality – No. 1 versus No. 2 – †¢ Service – Timely custom operations – Pre-sorting of grain or livestock quality †¢ Volume – Large and small quantities – Guaranteed volumes (contract) Example: McDonald’s Product Package †¢ Food †¢ Fast service †¢ Fun for the kids †¢ Variety â € ¢ Non-smoking †¢ Consistent product Place/Distribution Strategy †¢ Location – Delivery to multiple points Promotion Strategy †¢ Advertising – Creating TVC, Radio copy, Print ads, outdoor/hoardings ad, Posters, brochures and other advertisements on the products – Creating a logo †¢ Personal Selling Telling your customers how you create value – Having lunch with the corporate customer/vendor †¢ Public Relations – Being a good neighbor – Being involved in the community – Open house days Price Strategy Price is the cost the customer must bear in order to obtain the product. It includes: †¢ list price †¢ discounts †¢ allowances †¢ payment period †¢ credit terms Pricing Methods †¢ Value-Based Pricing – Set price based on buyers’ perception of value (rather than on the seller’s costs) †¢ Cost-Based Pricing – Add a standard markup to the cost of the pr oduct †¢ Competition-Based Pricing Set price based on following competitors’ prices 5. Financial Analysis and Budgeting †¢ Estimate the demand given the pricing and promotion strategy. †¢ Determine expenses associated with production and marketing. †¢ Determine anticipated cash flows. †¢ Will strategy cash flow? When? †¢ What are the critical assumptions of the financial analysis and what are the impacts of changes in those assumptions? 6. Implementation and Control †¢ Focus attention of everyone on delivering what the customer wants – Management of people – Monitoring and control Good luck!

CMIT Quiz

When you go to Disk Management, the option to create the RAID 10 array is not available. What should you do? Install an don RAID controller typewrite. Com/64705886/ o mobility ombowithtestoutpcproa220801220802troub Ices tenderhearted sandal atherosclerosis/ 1/91 Combo with â€Å"Combo with â€Å"Tautest PC Pro A+ 220801 / You have connected two drives to the primary DID interface in a PC system. How could the drives be configures? (select two) 1) Set both drives to Cable Select You have a desktop computer that uses a 250 Watt power supply.You recently added a disk RADIO array to the system and now it spontaneously shuts down. What should you do? Upgrade to a power supply that provides more watts You are responsible for managing the client workstations at your computer. A seer in the conference room called concerning the digital projector and display issues when the projector is connected to his laptop. After identifying the cause and completely resolving the issue, the projector di splays the images perfectly both on his laptop and on the projector. What should you do next?Document the solution You have a custom database application that your company has been using for several years. The application works fine on all of your Windows XP systems. You have just purchased a new Windows 7 system for one of your sales team members. You make this user a member of the Users group on the local system. You install the custom application successfully. When the sales person logs on and tries to run the application, the program splash screen loads but then seems to hang. What should you do first?Grant the user permissions to the directories and files used by the application. What is a recovery partition? A partition created by the computer manufacturer to restore the system to its original State 2) Set one drive to Master and the other to Slave http://equalize. Com/64705886/ combowithcombowithtestoutpcproa220801220802troubleshootingand70ther 2/91 I ,'25/2015 A user in sale s cannot get his laptop to display through a projector. He sees the screen output on the built LCD display, but the video is not being seen on the projector. What should you do first?See the Fan key to redirect display to the external video port Which of the following tools is specifically designed to test the DC voltage on a HAD power connector? Power supply tester On a Windows system, which Task Manager tab would you use to adjust the priority given to a specific program? Processes After removing the printed paper from your laser printer, the toner smudges and can be wiped off in places. Which of the following is most likely the problem? Fuser rollers The video driver on your Windows 7 computer is preventing the system from starting up successfully.You have already downloaded an updated driver and copied it to the computer's HAD. Which mode should you select from the Windows Advanced Boot Options menu that would most likely allow you to start the computer to continue fixing the pr oblem? Enable VGA Mode Which tool would be the best choice to remove and replace the motherboard BIOS chip? ICC extractor Which utility can be used to view when a service was stopped as well as any error messages generated by the service? Event Viewer You have added a new 1 TAB HAD to a endows computer. The disk is configured as a basic disk.Which of the following can be configured on this disk? (select two) 1) Primary partitions 2) Extended partitions with logical drives co mbowithcombowithtestoutpcproa220801220802troub Ices tenderhearted sandal etherealness rods/ 3/91 You're troubleshooting a computer running Windows 7. The SO has halted and a blue screen has been displayed on the monitor with an error message. What is the first step you should take in troubleshooting the issue? Search for the error in Microsoft's knowledgeable or in a search engine on the Internet Which of the following identify the key preferences between a worm and a virus? ) Worms independently replicate thems elves 2) A virus relies on a host for replication Which of the following protects a computer from electrostatic discharge? Antistatic wrist strap You have purchased an LED monitor and connected it to the DAVID port using a DAVID cable. You configure the screen resolution to 1440 x 900 with bit color. The screen display seems to be fuzzy. What should you do to correct the Change the screen resolution to the native resolution of the monitor In which of the following situations would restoring from a backup be the best option? Select two) ) You accidentally deleted several important emails from Outlook and need to restore them. 2) You need to restore several word processing files that were accidentally deleted from My Documents Your laptop carrying case is designed from a inch laptop, yet you think you can squeeze your inch laptop into it. Before slipping the laptop into the case, what Remove any Expressed from their slots co mbowithcombowithtestoutpcproa220801220802troublesh00tingand7 0ther sand 1 atherosclerosis/ 4/91 Combo with â€Å"combo with â€Å"Tautest PC Pro A+ 220801 / You have a small wireless network with less than 50 client computers.You upgrade the hardware on TV'0 wireless devices so you can use a better security standard than WEEP. Now you need to implement the new security standard. You need the greatest amount of security with the least amount of effort, and without replacing any of the wireless infrastructure. What should you do? (select two) 1) Implement WEAVES You're conducting scheduled maintenance on a laser printer. You notice that there is a buildup of excess toner inside the interior of the printer. Which of the following is the proper way to remove Use an antistatic vacuum You're troubleshooting a malfunctioning notebook computer.Nothing appears on the LCD display when the system is powered on. What is the first thing you should do? Plug in an external monitor You have a compiler that compiles applications used in your business. You w ant to make sure that the compiler continues to run in the background, even if you open the other applications. How can you adjust the amount of attention given to that application? Use Task Manager to adjust the process priority Several employees have forwarded you an email indicating that your company's health insurance provider has just launched a new benefits management Web site that all employees must start using.The employees are told in the email to click a link to access the site. Once there, they are required to provide their USN. However, you have discovered that your company's insurance provider did not send this e mail. What kind of attack just occurred? Phips inning 2) Configure each client with the same key 5/91 A user sends a print job to a network printer and it prints page after page of random characters. He calls the help desk and a technician discovers that somehow the wrong printer driver has been loaded on the users workstation.